Every surgical procedure comes with the risk of complications, and specific risks may accompany certain procedures. The general risks of surgery may include:
Scarring
Scars are an expected outcome in the body’s recovery process after any surgical cut. The look and severity of scarring differ significantly, influenced by factors like skin type, genetic makeup, and the size and position of the cut. Some individuals might develop hypertrophic or keloid scars. In cases of unwanted scarring, treatment options can be explored based on your surgeon’s recommendation.
Infection
Infection is a possible risk following any surgical intervention, including cosmetic surgeries. It occurs when harmful microbes invade the surgical area, leading to symptoms such as swelling, heightened pain, pus, and wounds that don’t heal. Surgeons follow stringent cleanliness measures to reduce this risk, but it’s crucial for patients to adhere to after-surgery care instructions. Prompt identification and antibiotic treatment are key in managing infections.
Pain
Pain is a common side effect of surgery. Its intensity and duration vary, depending on the surgery type and the individual’s tolerance for pain. While some discomfort is expected, severe or long-lasting pain might signal a complication and should be addressed immediately. Your surgeon will advise on managing pain, including prescribed medications and suggestions for rest and recuperation.
Bleeding
Bleeding, external or internal, is a possible side effect of surgeries. Visible bleeding at the surgical site indicates external bleeding, while internal bleeding, or hematoma, might show up as pain, pressure, or swelling. Immediate medical attention is necessary if you observe unusual swelling or bleeding after surgery.
Seroma
A seroma is an accumulation of lymphatic fluid under the skin after surgery. It happens when surgical procedures disrupt lymph vessels, causing fluid buildup. Signs include increased pain, a sensation of pressure, and a visible lump or fluid leakage from the surgical area. While typically minor, seromas may need drainage or further treatment for proper healing.
Anesthesia-Related Risks
Anesthesia, essential for pain control during surgery, carries its own risks. These include allergic reactions, injuries from intubation, malignant hyperthermia, and blood pressure or respiratory issues. Continuous monitoring during surgery allows for the immediate addressing of such issues.
Undesirable Cosmetic Outcomes
Despite advanced techniques and skilled surgeons, there’s always a chance of an unsatisfactory cosmetic result after plastic surgery. This might include unevenness, skin puckering, or outcomes that don’t align with patient expectations. It’s important to have realistic expectations and thoroughly discuss potential results. While revision surgery may correct some issues, it’s not always a viable option.
Nerve Damage
Nerve damage, though rare, can occur in plastic surgery, either due to tissue manipulation or accidental nerve injury. Symptoms like numbness, tingling, or loss of sensation might appear. Usually, nerve function gradually returns, but permanent changes are possible in some cases. Reporting any unusual sensations after surgery is vital.
Bruising and Swelling Post-Surgery
Bruising and swelling are typical after surgery. However, excessive or prolonged symptoms warrant attention. Following post-surgery care, such as elevating the area, applying cold packs, and avoiding heavy activities, is essential. Contact your surgeon if you experience prolonged swelling or deep bruising.
Risk of Death
Though exceedingly rare, there is a fundamental risk of mortality associated with any surgery. Causes might include severe complications, reactions to anesthesia, or pre-existing health issues. Surgeons prioritise patient safety, employing thorough pre-surgery screenings and modern surgical methods. Being transparent about your medical history and adhering to all pre- and post-surgery instructions is essential.
